Lub plhaub lossis lub plhaub sab nraud yog txheej tiv thaiv sab nraud tshaj plaws hauv cov qauv cable optical, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm PE sheath khoom thiab PVC sheath khoom, thiab cov ntaub thaiv hluav taws xob tsis muaj halogen thiab cov ntaub thaiv hluav taws xob tiv taus kev taug qab siv rau hauv cov sijhawm tshwj xeeb.
1. Cov khoom siv PE sheath
PE yog lub npe luv ntawm polyethylene, uas yog ib qho polymer compound tsim los ntawm polymerization ntawm ethylene. Cov khoom siv polyethylene dub yog ua los ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab granulating polyethylene resin nrog stabilizer, carbon dub, antioxidant thiab plasticizer hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem. Polyethylene sheath cov ntaub ntawv rau optical cable sheaths tuaj yeem muab faib ua low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) thiab high-density polyethylene (HDPE) raws li qhov ceev. Vim lawv cov densities sib txawv thiab cov qauv molecular, lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv. Low-density polyethylene, tseem hu ua high-pressure polyethylene, yog tsim los ntawm copolymerization ntawm ethylene ntawm siab siab (saum toj no 1500 atmospheres) ntawm 200-300 ° C nrog oxygen ua catalyst. Yog li ntawd, cov saw molecular ntawm low-density polyethylene muaj ntau ceg ntawm ntau qhov ntev, nrog rau qib siab ntawm cov saw branching, cov qauv tsis sib xws, crystallinity qis, thiab zoo elasticity thiab elongation. Polyethylene uas muaj zog heev, tseem hu ua polyethylene uas muaj zog tsawg, yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ethylene ntawm qhov siab tsawg (1-5 atmospheres) thiab 60-80 ° C nrog cov tshuaj catalysts txhuas thiab titanium. Vim yog qhov faib tawm qhov hnyav molecular nqaim ntawm polyethylene uas muaj zog ntau thiab kev teeb tsa cov molecules kom zoo, nws muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo, tiv taus tshuaj zoo thiab siv tau ntau qhov kub thiab txias. Cov khoom siv polyethylene uas muaj zog nruab nrab yog ua los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm polyethylene uas muaj zog ntau thiab polyethylene uas muaj zog tsawg hauv qhov sib piv, lossis los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ethylene monomer thiab propylene (lossis monomer thib ob ntawm 1-butene). Yog li ntawd, kev ua tau zoo ntawm polyethylene uas muaj zog nruab nrab yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm polyethylene uas muaj zog ntau thiab polyethylene uas muaj zog tsawg, thiab nws muaj ob qho tib si qhov yooj ywm ntawm polyethylene uas muaj zog tsawg thiab qhov tsis kam hnav zoo heev thiab lub zog tensile ntawm polyethylene uas muaj zog ntau. Polyethylene uas muaj zog tsawg yog polymerized los ntawm cov roj theem qis lossis txoj kev daws teeb meem nrog ethylene monomer thiab 2-olefin. Qhov degree branching ntawm polyethylene uas muaj zog tsawg yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov tsis kam thiab qhov tsis kam siab heev, yog li nws muaj kev tiv taus kev ntxhov siab ib puag ncig zoo heev. Kev tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm ib puag ncig yog ib qho cim qhia tseem ceeb heev rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv PE. Nws hais txog qhov xwm txheej uas cov khoom siv sim raug kev tawg ntawm kev ntxhov siab hauv ib puag ncig ntawm surfactant. Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau kev tawg ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv suav nrog: qhov hnyav molecular, kev faib tawm ntawm qhov hnyav molecular, crystallinity, thiab microstructure ntawm cov saw hlau molecular. Qhov hnyav molecular loj dua, qhov kev faib tawm ntawm qhov hnyav molecular nqaim dua, kev sib txuas ntau dua ntawm cov wafers, qhov zoo dua qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev dua ntawm cov khoom siv; tib lub sijhawm, qhov crystallization ntawm cov khoom siv kuj cuam tshuam rau qhov cim no. Qhov qis dua qhov crystallinity, qhov zoo dua qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom siv. Lub zog tensile thiab elongation thaum tawg ntawm cov khoom siv PE yog lwm qhov cim los ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab kuj tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov kawg ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv. Cov pa roj carbon hauv cov khoom siv PE tuaj yeem tiv taus kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab cov antioxidants tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom antioxidant ntawm cov khoom siv.
2. Cov khoom siv PVC
Cov khoom siv hluav taws kub PVC muaj cov chlorine atoms, uas yuav hlawv hauv nplaim taws. Thaum hlawv, nws yuav lwj thiab tso tawm ntau cov roj HCL uas muaj corrosive thiab lom, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj thib ob, tab sis nws yuav tua nws tus kheej thaum tawm hauv nplaim taws, yog li nws muaj tus yam ntxwv ntawm tsis kis nplaim taws; tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv PVC sheath muaj kev ywj pheej zoo thiab nthuav dav, thiab siv dav hauv cov xov hluav taws xob sab hauv tsev.
3. Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws uas tsis muaj halogen
Vim tias polyvinyl chloride yuav tsim cov pa roj lom thaum hlawv, tib neeg tau tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj pa luam yeeb, tsis muaj halogen, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, huv si, uas yog, ntxiv cov tshuaj tua hluav taws inorganic Al (OH) 3 thiab Mg (OH) 2 rau cov ntaub ntawv sheath ib txwm muaj, uas yuav tso cov dej siv lead ua thaum ntsib hluav taws thiab nqus tau ntau cua sov, yog li tiv thaiv qhov kub ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sheath los ntawm kev nce thiab tiv thaiv kev kub hnyiab. Vim tias cov tshuaj tua hluav taws inorganic raug ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv sheath uas tsis muaj halogen, qhov conductivity ntawm polymers yuav nce. Tib lub sijhawm, cov resins thiab cov tshuaj tua hluav taws inorganic yog cov ntaub ntawv ob theem sib txawv kiag li. Thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev sib xyaw tsis sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj tua hluav taws hauv zos. Cov tshuaj tua hluav taws inorganic yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Yog tias qhov sib piv loj dhau, lub zog kho tshuab thiab elongation thaum tawg ntawm cov khoom yuav raug txo qis heev. Cov ntsuas rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov khoom tua hluav taws ntawm cov tshuaj tua hluav taws halogen yog cov pa oxygen thiab cov pa luam yeeb concentration. Tus ntsuas pa oxygen yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov pa oxygen uas xav tau rau cov khoom siv kom tswj tau qhov sib npaug ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov pa oxygen thiab nitrogen. Qhov ntsuas pa oxygen loj dua, qhov zoo dua ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws. Qhov ntsuas pa luam yeeb yog xam los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov kev xa tawm ntawm lub teeb sib luag hla cov pa luam yeeb uas tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv hauv ib qho chaw thiab qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev pom. Qhov ntsuas pa luam yeeb qis dua, qhov tso pa tawm qis dua thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv zoo dua.
4. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv taus cov cim
Muaj ntau thiab ntau dua txhua yam xov xwm txhawb nqa tus kheej optical cable (ADSS) pw hauv tib lub pej thuam nrog cov kab hluav taws xob siab hauv lub zog sib txuas lus system. Txhawm rau kov yeej qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob siab induction hluav taws xob ntawm lub cable sheath, tib neeg tau tsim thiab tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab sheath resistant, cov khoom siv sheath los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon dub, qhov loj me thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov pa roj carbon dub, ntxiv cov khoom ntxiv tshwj xeeb kom ua rau cov khoom siv sheath muaj kev ua tau zoo hluav taws xob scar.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-26-2024