Cov ntaub ntawv Polyolefin, paub txog lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev, kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab kev ua tau zoo ib puag ncig, tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov ntaub thaiv uas siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam hlau thiab cable.
Polyolefins yog cov polymers uas muaj cov molecular hnyav ntau uas tau tsim los ntawm olefin monomers xws li ethylene, propylene, thiab butene. Lawv tau siv dav hauv cov cables, ntim khoom, kev tsim kho, tsheb, thiab kev lag luam kho mob.
Hauv kev tsim cov xov hlau, cov ntaub ntawv polyolefin muaj cov dielectric tsis tu ncua qis, rwb thaiv tsev zoo dua, thiab tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg zoo heev, ua kom ruaj khov thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb mus sij hawm ntev. Lawv cov yam ntxwv tsis muaj halogen thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab kuj sib haum nrog cov qauv niaj hnub hauv kev tsim khoom ntsuab thiab ruaj khov.
I. Kev faib tawm los ntawm Hom Monomer
1. Polyethylene (PE)
Polyethylene (PE) yog cov thermoplastic resin polymerized los ntawm ethylene monomers thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov yas siv dav tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li qhov ceev thiab cov qauv molecular, nws muab faib ua LDPE, HDPE, LLDPE, thiab XLPE hom.
(1)Polyethylene Qis-Density (LDPE)
Cov Qauv: Tsim los ntawm kev siv lub zog siab dawb-radical polymerization; muaj ntau cov saw hlau, nrog rau crystallinity ntawm 55–65% thiab qhov ceev ntawm 0.91–0.93 g / cm³.
Cov Khoom: Mos, pob tshab, thiab tiv taus kev cuam tshuam tab sis muaj kev tiv taus cua sov nruab nrab (txog li 80 ° C).
Daim Ntawv Thov: Feem ntau siv ua cov ntaub ntawv sheath rau kev sib txuas lus thiab cov teeb liab cables, sib npaug ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab kev rwb thaiv tsev.
(2) Polyethylene Uas Muaj Qhov Ceev Heev (HDPE)
Cov Qauv: Polymerized nyob rau hauv qhov siab qis nrog Ziegler-Natta catalysts; muaj ob peb ceg lossis tsis muaj ceg, crystallinity siab (80-95%), thiab qhov ceev ntawm 0.94-0.96 g / cm³.
Cov Khoom: Lub zog siab thiab kev nruj, kev ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg zoo heev, tab sis me ntsis txo qis qhov kub qis.
Daim Ntawv Thov: Siv dav rau cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev, cov kav dej sib txuas lus, thiab cov ntaub thaiv fiber optic cable, muab kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab kev kho tshuab zoo tshaj plaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov lossis hauv av.
(3) Polyethylene uas tsis muaj zog ntau (LLDPE)
Qauv: Copolymerized los ntawm ethylene thiab α-olefin, nrog rau cov ceg luv luv; qhov ceev ntawm 0.915–0.925 g/cm³.
Cov Khoom: Ua ke ua kom yooj ywm thiab lub zog nrog kev tiv thaiv zoo heev.
Daim Ntawv Thov: Haum rau cov ntaub ntawv sheath thiab rwb thaiv tsev hauv cov cables qis- thiab nruab nrab-voltage thiab tswj cables, txhim kho kev cuam tshuam thiab khoov tsis kam.
(4)Polyethylene sib txuas (XLPE)
Cov Qauv: Ib lub network peb-seem uas tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas tshuaj lom neeg lossis lub cev (silane, peroxide, lossis electron-beam).
Cov Khoom: Kev tiv thaiv thermal zoo heev, lub zog kho tshuab, kev rwb thaiv hluav taws xob, thiab kev tiv taus huab cua.
Daim Ntawv Thov: Siv dav hauv cov xov hluav taws xob nruab nrab thiab siab, cov xov hluav taws xob tshiab, thiab cov xov hlau tsheb - cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov xov hlau niaj hnub.
2. Polypropylene (PP)
Polypropylene (PP), polymerized los ntawm propylene, muaj qhov ceev ntawm 0.89–0.92 g/cm³, lub ntsiab lus yaj ntawm 164–176 ° C, thiab qhov kub ua haujlwm ntawm -30 ° C txog 140 ° C.
Cov Khoom: Lub teeb yuag, lub zog kho tshuab siab, tshuaj lom neeg zoo heev, thiab rwb thaiv hluav taws xob zoo dua.
Daim Ntawv Thov: Siv ua cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev uas tsis muaj halogen hauv cov cables. Nrog rau kev tsom mus rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, cross-linked polypropylene (XLPP) thiab modified copolymer PP tau hloov cov polyethylene ib txwm muaj hauv cov kab ke kub thiab hluav taws xob siab, xws li kev tsheb ciav hlau, cua zog, thiab cov cables tsheb fais fab.
3. Polybutylene (PB)
Polybutylene suav nrog Poly(1-butene) (PB-1) thiab Polyisobutylene (PIB).
Cov Khoom: Kev tiv taus kub zoo heev, kev ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kev tiv taus nkag.
Daim Ntawv Thov: PB-1 siv rau hauv cov kav dej, zaj duab xis, thiab cov ntim khoom, thaum PIB siv dav hauv kev tsim cov cable ua cov gel thaiv dej, sealant, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw vim nws cov pa roj tsis nkag thiab cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog - feem ntau siv rau hauv cov cables fiber optic rau kev sib khi thiab kev tiv thaiv dej noo.
II. Lwm Cov Khoom Siv Polyolefin Uas Siv Tau Ntau
(1) Ethylene–Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA)
EVA sib xyaw ua ke ethylene thiab vinyl acetate, muaj qhov yooj ywm thiab tiv taus txias (tswj tau qhov yooj ywm ntawm -50 ° C).
Cov Khoom: Mos, tiv taus kev cuam tshuam, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab tiv taus kev laus.
Daim Ntawv Thov: Hauv cov cables, EVA feem ntau siv los ua cov khoom hloov pauv yooj yim lossis cov roj hmab nqa khoom hauv cov qauv Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH), txhim kho kev ruaj khov thiab kev ywj pheej ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov ntaub ntawv sheath.
(2) Polyethylene Uas Muaj Molecular Hnyav Heev (UHMWPE)
Nrog rau qhov hnyav molecular tshaj 1.5 lab, UHMWPE yog cov yas engineering zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov Khoom: Kev tiv taus hnav siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov yas, lub zog cuam tshuam tsib zaug ntau dua ABS, tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg zoo heev, thiab nqus dej tsawg.
Daim Ntawv Thov: Siv rau hauv cov cables optical thiab cov cables tshwj xeeb ua cov sheathing siab lossis txheej rau cov ntsiab lus tensile, txhim kho kev tiv thaiv rau kev puas tsuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj.
III. Xaus Lus
Cov ntaub ntawv Polyolefin tsis muaj halogen, tsis muaj pa luam yeeb, thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom thaum hlawv. Lawv muab kev ruaj khov zoo heev rau hluav taws xob, tshuab, thiab kev ua haujlwm, thiab lawv cov kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho ntxiv los ntawm kev sib txuas, sib xyaw, thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov thev naus laus zis.
Nrog lawv txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev nyab xeeb, kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig, thiab kev ua tau zoo, cov ntaub ntawv polyolefin tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hlau thiab cable niaj hnub no. Saib rau pem hauv ntej, thaum cov khoom xws li tsheb fais fab tshiab, photovoltaics, thiab kev sib txuas lus cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv mus, kev tsim kho tshiab hauv kev siv polyolefin yuav tsav tsheb kom muaj kev ua tau zoo thiab kev txhim kho ruaj khov ntawm kev lag luam cable.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-17-2025