Hais txog qhov kub thiab txias uas tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm ntev rau cov tub ntxhais cable, cov roj hmab rwb thaiv tsev feem ntau yog ntsuas ntawm 65 ° C, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) rwb thaiv tsev ntawm 70 ° C, thiab cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) rwb thaiv tsev ntawm 90 ° C. Rau cov luv luv-circuits (nrog lub sijhawm siab tshaj plaws tsis pub tshaj 5 vib nas this), qhov kub siab tshaj plaws uas tso cai rau tus neeg xyuas pib yog 160 ° C rau PVC rwb thaiv tsev thiab 250 ° C rau XLPE rwb thaiv tsev.
I. Qhov sib txawv ntawm XLPE Cables thiab PVC Cables
1. Txij li thaum pib siv cov xov hluav taws xob Low Voltage Cross-Linked (XLPE) thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1990, cov xov hluav taws xob XLPE tau loj hlob sai heev, thiab tam sim no lawv suav txog ib nrab ntawm kev ua lag luam nrog rau cov xov hluav taws xob Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). Piv rau cov xov hluav taws xob PVC, cov xov hluav taws xob XLPE muaj peev xwm nqa tau hluav taws xob ntau dua, muaj peev xwm thauj khoom ntau dua, thiab siv tau ntev dua (PVC cable thermal lifespan feem ntau yog 20 xyoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo, thaum XLPE cable lifespan feem ntau yog 40 xyoo). Thaum hlawv, PVC tso pa luam yeeb dub thiab cov pa roj lom, thaum XLPE combustion tsis tsim cov pa roj halogen lom. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob cross-linked tau pom zoo los ntawm cov chaw tsim qauv thiab daim ntawv thov.
2. Cov xov hlau PVC ib txwm (cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov hnab) kub hnyiab sai nrog kev kub hnyiab sai, ua rau hluav taws kub hnyav dua. Lawv poob lub peev xwm muab hluav taws xob hauv 1 txog 2 feeb. Kev kub hnyiab PVC tso tawm cov pa luam yeeb dub tuab, ua rau muaj teeb meem ua pa thiab kev tawm mus. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, kev kub hnyiab PVC tso tawm cov pa phem thiab corrosive xws li hydrogen chloride (HCl) thiab dioxins, uas yog cov ua rau tuag hauv hluav taws (uas yog 80% ntawm kev tuag ntsig txog hluav taws). Cov pa no corrode rau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, ua rau kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev puas tsuaj loj heev thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij thib ob uas nyuaj rau txo qis.
II. Cov Cables Uas Tiv Thaiv Tau Hluav Taws
1. Cov xov hluav taws xob uas tiv taus hluav taws yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv tiv taus hluav taws thiab raug faib ua peb qib tiv taus hluav taws A, B, thiab C raws li IEC 60332-3-24 "Kev sim ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob hauv qab hluav taws." Chav Kawm A muab kev ua haujlwm tiv taus hluav taws siab tshaj plaws.
Cov kev ntsuam xyuas sib piv ntawm cov xov hlau uas tsis ua rau hluav taws thiab cov xov hlau uas tsis ua rau hluav taws tau ua los ntawm US Standards and Technology Research Institute. Cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov xov hlau uas ua rau hluav taws:
a. Cov xov hlau uas tiv taus hluav taws muab sijhawm khiav tawm ntau dua 15 npaug piv rau cov xov hlau uas tsis tiv taus hluav taws.
b. Cov xov hlau uas tsis kub hnyiab tsuas hlawv cov khoom ib nrab xwb piv rau cov xov hlau uas tsis kub hnyiab.
c. Cov xov hlau uas tsis kub hnyiab tsuas yog tso cua sov tawm ib feem plaub ntawm cov xov hlau uas tsis kub hnyiab xwb.
d. Cov pa roj lom uas tawm los ntawm kev hlawv tsuas yog ib feem peb ntawm cov khoom uas tsis tiv taus hluav taws xwb.
e. Kev ua pa luam yeeb tsis qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom uas tsis kub hnyiab thiab cov khoom uas tsis kub hnyiab.
2. Cov Cables Uas Tsis Muaj Halogen Uas Muaj Pa Luam Yeeb Tsawg
Cov xov hlau uas tsis muaj halogen tsawg yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv tsis muaj halogen, tsis muaj pa luam yeeb tsawg, thiab tsis kub hnyiab, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
IEC 60754 (kev sim tsis muaj halogen) IEC 61034 (kev sim pa luam yeeb tsawg)
PH weighted conductivity Yam tsawg kawg nkaus lub teeb transmittance
PH≥4.3 r≤10us/mm T≥60%
3. Cov Cables Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws
a. Cov cim qhia txog kev sim hluav taws kub ntawm cov xov hlau uas tiv taus hluav taws (qhov kub thiab sijhawm ntawm hluav taws) raws li tus qauv IEC 331-1970 yog 750°C rau 3 teev. Raws li daim ntawv tshiab IEC 60331 los ntawm kev pov npav IEC tsis ntev los no, qhov kub ntawm hluav taws kub yog txij li 750°C txog 800°C rau 3 teev.
b. Cov xov hlau thiab cov cables uas tiv taus hluav taws muaj peev xwm muab faib ua cov cables uas tiv taus hluav taws thiab cov cables uas tsis tiv taus hluav taws raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv tsis yog hlau. Cov cables uas tiv taus hluav taws hauv tsev feem ntau siv cov conductors uas muaj mica-coated thiab extruded flame-retardant insulation ua lawv cov qauv tseem ceeb, feem ntau yog cov khoom Class B. Cov uas ua tau raws li cov qauv Class A feem ntau siv cov ntaub nplaum mica tshwj xeeb thiab cov mineral insulation (tooj liab core, tooj liab sleeve, magnesium oxide insulation, tseem hu ua MI) cov cables uas tiv taus hluav taws.
Cov xov hlau uas tiv taus hluav taws uas muaj cov ntxhia rwb thaiv tsev tsis kub hnyiab, tsis muaj pa luam yeeb, tiv taus xeb, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tiv taus kev cuam tshuam, thiab tiv taus dej txau. Lawv hu ua cov xov hlau uas tiv taus hluav taws, qhia txog kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov xov hlau uas tiv taus hluav taws. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom nyuaj, lawv tus nqi siab dua, lawv qhov ntev tsim khoom tsawg, lawv lub vojvoog khoov loj, lawv cov rwb thaiv tsev yooj yim rau dej noo, thiab tam sim no, tsuas yog cov khoom ib leeg ntawm 25mm2 thiab siab dua tuaj yeem muab tau. Cov davhlau ya nyob twg thiab cov khoom sib txuas nruab nrab yog qhov tsim nyog, ua rau kev teeb tsa thiab kev tsim kho nyuaj dua.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Cuaj hlis-07-2023