Hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob engineering thiab cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam, xaiv qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm ntawm "high-voltage cable" lossis "low-voltage cable" tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab kev lag luam nres, lossis txawm tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov xwm txheej hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus neeg tsuas muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qho tib si thiab feem ntau xaiv raws li kev paub dhau los lossis "txuag" kev xav, ua rau rov ua yuam kev. Kev xaiv cov cable tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau cov khoom siv tsis zoo xwb tab sis kuj tsim kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb. Niaj hnub no, cia peb tham txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lawv thiab 3 qhov loj "txoj kev xaiv".
1. Kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv: High-Voltage vs Low-Voltage Cables
Ntau tus neeg xav tias, "High-voltage cables tsuas yog thicker low-voltage cables," tab sis qhov tseeb, lawv cov qauv tsim muaj qhov sib txawv, thiab txhua txheej yog yoog raws li qib voltage. Txhawm rau nkag siab qhov sib txawv, pib nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm "high-voltage" thiab "low-voltage":
Tsawg-voltage cables: Rated voltage ≤ 1 kV (feem ntau 0.6 / 1 kV), feem ntau yog siv rau lub tsev faib khoom thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me;
High-voltage cables: Rated voltage ≥ 1 kV (feem ntau 6 kV, 10 kV, 35 kV, 110 kV), siv rau kev xa hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv loj.
(1) Tus neeg xyuas pib: Tsis yog "Thicker" tab sis "Purity Matters"
Tsawg-voltage cable conductors feem ntau yog ua los ntawm ntau txoj hlua khi zoo tooj liab (xws li, 19 strands hauv BV xov hlau), feem ntau kom ua tau raws li "tam sim no-nqa peev xwm";
High-voltage cable conductors, txawm tias tooj liab los yog txhuas, muaj purity ntau dua (≥99.95%) thiab txais yuav ib tug "compact round stranding" txheej txheem (txo kom voids) kom qis tus neeg xyuas pib nto tiv thaiv thiab txo qhov "txim tawv nqaij" nyob rau hauv high voltage (tam sim no concentrates ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib nto, ua rau cua sov).
(2) Rwb thaiv tsev txheej: Cov tub ntxhais ntawm High-Voltage Cables '"Multi-Layer Protection"
Tsawg-voltage cable rwb thaiv tsev txheej yog nyias nyias (xws li, 0.6/1 kV cable rwb thaiv tsev thickness ~ 3.4 hli), feem ntau PVC los yogXLPE, feem ntau ua haujlwm rau "kev cais tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm sab nraud";
High-voltage cable rwb thaiv tsev txheej yog ntau thicker (6 kV cable ~ 10 mm, 110 kV mus txog 20 mm) thiab yuav tsum xeem dhau stringent kev ntsuam xyuas xws li "fais fab zaus withstand voltage" thiab " xob laim impulse withstand voltage." Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, high-voltage cables ntxiv cov ntaub thaiv dej thiab cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg hauv cov rwb thaiv tsev:
Cov kab xev thaiv dej: Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj dej nkag (cov dej noo nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob siab tuaj yeem ua rau "dej tsob ntoo," ua rau cov rwb thaiv tsev tawg);
Semi-conductive txheej: Ua kom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis sib xws (tiv thaiv cov cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau paug).
Cov ntaub ntawv: Cov txheej txheej rwb thaiv tsev tso nyiaj rau 40% -50% ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab (tsuas yog 15% -20% rau cov hluav taws xob tsawg), uas yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntau kim dua.
(3) Shielding thiab Metallic Sheath: Lub "Armor Against Interference" rau High-Voltage Cables
Tsawg-voltage cables feem ntau tsis muaj txheej thaiv thaiv (tshwj tsis yog cov teeb liab cables), nrog cov tsho sab nrauv feem ntau yog PVC lossis polyethylene;
High-voltage cables (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ≥6 kV) yuav tsum muaj hlau thaiv (xws li,daim kab xev, tooj liab braid) thiab metallic sheaths (xws li, txhuas sheath, corrugated aluminium sheath):
Metallic shielding: Constrains lub high-voltage teb nyob rau hauv lub rwb thaiv tsev txheej, txo electromagnetic cuam tshuam (EMI), thiab muab ib txoj kev rau txhaum tam sim no;
Hlau sheath: Txhim kho txhua yam muaj zog (tensile thiab crush resistance) thiab ua raws li "cov ntaub thaiv npog hauv av," ntxiv txo cov rwb thaiv tsev siv.
(4) Outer Jacket: Ntau Rugged rau High-Voltage Cables
Tsawg-voltage cable tsho feem ntau tiv thaiv hnav thiab corrosion;
High-voltage cable tsho yuav tsum tau tiv taus roj, txias, ozone, thiab lwm yam (piv txwv li, PVC + huab cua-resistant additives). Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb (xws li submarine cables) kuj tseem yuav tsum tau siv cov hlau hlau armoring (tiv thaiv dej siab thiab tensile stress).
2. 3 Ntsiab "Pitfalls" kom tsis txhob thaum xaiv Cables
Tom qab nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv, koj yuav tsum zam cov "cov cuab yeej zais" no thaum xaiv; txwv tsis pub, cov nqi yuav nce ntxiv, lossis kev nyab xeeb yuav tshwm sim.
(1) Qhov muag tsis pom kev nrhiav "Qib siab dua" lossis "Tus nqi pheej yig dua"
Kev ntseeg yuam kev: Qee tus xav tias "siv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob tsawg yog qhov muaj kev nyab xeeb dua," lossis lawv siv cov hluav taws xob qis kom txuag nyiaj.
Risk: High-voltage cables yog kim dua; tsis tsim nyog xaiv high-voltage nce nyiaj txiag. Siv cov kab hluav taws xob tsawg hauv cov xwm txheej muaj hluav taws xob tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov rwb thaiv tsev tam sim, ua rau luv luv, hluav taws kub, lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm txaus ntshai.
Txoj hauv kev kom raug: Xaiv raws li qhov tseeb voltage thiab lub zog yuav tsum tau, piv txwv li, hluav taws xob hauv tsev (220V / 380V) siv cov kab hluav taws xob qis, cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob (10 kV) yuav tsum phim cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob - tsis txhob "downgrade" lossis "upgrade" blindly.
(2) Tsis quav ntsej txog "kev puas tsuaj zais" los ntawm ib puag ncig
Kev xav tsis zoo: Tsuas yog xav txog qhov hluav taws xob, tsis quav ntsej txog ib puag ncig, piv txwv li, siv cov kab hluav taws xob zoo tib yam hauv cov av noo, kub-kub, lossis tshuaj corrosive.
Risk: High-voltage cables nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntub nrog cov ntaub thaiv npog puas lossis cov tsho tuaj yeem muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ya raws kev laus; low-voltage cables nyob rau hauv high-kub qhov chaw (xws li, boiler chav) yuav soften thiab tsis.
Txoj hauv kev kom raug: Qhia meej txog kev teeb tsa - armored cables rau faus installation, waterproof armored cables rau underwater, high-temperature rated cov ntaub ntawv (XLPE ≥90 ℃) rau kub ib puag ncig, corrosion-resistant tsho hauv tshuaj nroj tsuag.
(3) Tsis quav ntsej qhov sib txuam ntawm "Tam sim no-Ncaj Peev Xwm thiab Txheej Txheem"
Kev xav tsis zoo: Tsuas yog tsom mus rau qib voltage, tsis quav ntsej lub peev xwm tam sim no (qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no) lossis tshaj-compress / khoov thaum tso.
Risk: Tsis muaj peev xwm tam sim no ua rau overheating thiab accelerates rwb thaiv tsev laus; Txoj kev khoov tsis zoo ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob siab (piv txwv li, rub nyuaj, khoov ntau dhau) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab rwb thaiv tsev, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo tawg.
Txoj hauv kev kom raug: Xaiv cov kab lus tshwj xeeb raws li kev suav tam sim no (xav txog qhov pib tam sim no, qhov kub thiab txias); nruj me ntsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau khoov vojvoog thaum lub sij hawm installation (high-voltage cable dabtsi yog khoov vojvoog feem ntau ≥15 × tus neeg xyuas pib txheej kab), zam compression thiab tshav ntuj raug.
3. Nco ntsoov 3 “Golden Rules” kom tsis txhob muaj kev xaiv qhov teeb meem
(1) Txheeb xyuas cov qauv tiv thaiv voltage:
High-voltage cable rwb thaiv tsev thiab shielding txheej yog cov tub ntxhais; low-voltage cables tsis xav tau tshaj-tsim.
(2) Match Qib Tsim Nyog:
Qhov hluav taws xob, lub zog, thiab ib puag ncig yuav tsum sib haum; tsis txhob ua qhov muag tsis pom kev txhim kho lossis txo qis.
(3) Txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus tiv thaiv cov qauv:
Lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no, khoov lub vojvoog, thiab qib kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv hauv tebchaws - tsis txhob cia siab rau kev paub dhau los.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-29-2025