Hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam, kev xaiv hom "cable high-voltage" lossis "low-voltage" tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm, hluav taws xob tsis ua haujlwm, thiab kev tsim khoom nres, lossis txawm tias muaj xwm txheej kev nyab xeeb hauv cov xwm txheej loj. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus neeg tsuas yog muaj kev nkag siab tob txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qho tib si thiab feem ntau xaiv raws li kev paub dhau los lossis kev txiav txim siab "txuag nqi", ua rau muaj kev ua yuam kev ntau zaus. Kev xaiv cov cable tsis raug yuav tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm xwb tab sis kuj tsim kev phom sij rau kev nyab xeeb. Niaj hnub no, cia peb tham txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lawv thiab 3 qhov "kev ua yuam kev" loj uas koj yuav tsum zam thaum xaiv.
1. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Cov Qauv: Cov Cables Uas Muaj Hluav Taws Xob Ntau thiab Cov Cables Uas Muaj Hluav Taws Xob Tsawg
Muaj coob tus neeg xav tias, "Cov xov hluav taws xob siab tsuas yog cov xov hluav taws xob qis tuab xwb," tab sis qhov tseeb, lawv cov qauv tsim muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb, thiab txhua txheej tau hloov kho kom haum rau qib hluav taws xob. Txhawm rau nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv, pib nrog cov lus txhais ntawm "hluav taws xob siab" thiab "hluav taws xob qis":
Cov xov hluav taws xob tsawg: Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ≤ 1 kV (feem ntau 0.6/1 kV), feem ntau yog siv rau kev faib khoom hauv tsev thiab kev muab hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv me me;
Cov xov hluav taws xob siab: Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ≥ 1 kV (feem ntau 6 kV, 10 kV, 35 kV, 110 kV), siv rau kev xa hluav taws xob, chaw hloov hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv loj hauv kev lag luam.
(1) Tus Neeg Coj: Tsis yog "Tuab dua" tab sis "Kev Huv Si Tseem Ceeb"
Cov xov hlau hluav taws xob qis feem ntau yog ua los ntawm ntau txoj hlua tooj liab zoo (piv txwv li, 19 txoj hlua hauv BV xov hlau), feem ntau yog kom ua tau raws li "lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no" xav tau;
Cov xov hlau hluav taws xob siab, txawm hais tias kuj yog tooj liab lossis txhuas, muaj qhov huv dua (≥99.95%) thiab siv cov txheej txheem "compact round stranding" (txo cov voids) los txo qhov tsis kam ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus xov hlau thiab txo qhov "skin effect" nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob siab (tam sim no concentrates rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus xov hlau, ua rau cua sov).
(2) Txheej rwb thaiv tsev: Lub hauv paus ntawm High-Voltage Cables '"Kev tiv thaiv ntau txheej"
Cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev cable qis-voltage yog nyias nyias (piv txwv li, 0.6/1 kV cable rwb thaiv tsev tuab ~3.4 hli), feem ntau yog PVC lossisXLPE, feem ntau yog pab "cais tus neeg tsav tsheb tawm ntawm sab nraud";
Cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob siab yog cov tuab dua (6 kV cable ~ 10 hli, 110 kV txog 20 hli) thiab yuav tsum dhau qhov kev sim nruj xws li "lub zog zaus tiv taus hluav taws xob" thiab "xob laim impulse tiv taus hluav taws xob." Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, cov xov hluav taws xob siab ntxiv cov ntaub thaiv dej thiab cov txheej semi-conductive hauv cov rwb thaiv tsev:
Daim kab xev thaiv dej: Tiv thaiv dej nkag (cov dej noo hauv qab hluav taws xob siab tuaj yeem ua rau "dej ntoo," ua rau cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev puas);
Txheej semi-conductive: Xyuas kom meej tias lub zog hluav taws xob faib sib npaug (tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm thaj chaw, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev tso tawm).
Cov ntaub ntawv: Cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev suav txog 40% -50% ntawm tus nqi hluav taws xob siab (tsuas yog 15% -20% rau qhov hluav taws xob qis), uas yog ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas cov xov hluav taws xob siab kim dua.
(3) Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Lub Hnab Hlau: Lub "Armor Tiv Thaiv Kev Cuam Tshuam" rau Cov Cables High-Voltage
Cov xov hluav taws xob tsawg feem ntau tsis muaj txheej tiv thaiv (tshwj tsis yog cov xov hluav taws xob teeb liab), nrog rau cov tsho sab nraud feem ntau yog PVC lossis polyethylene;
Cov xov hluav taws xob siab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ≥6 kV) yuav tsum muaj cov hlau tiv thaiv (piv txwv li,daim kab xev tooj liab, tooj liab braid) thiab cov hlau sheaths (piv txwv li, txhuas sheath, corrugated txhuas sheath):
Kev tiv thaiv hlau: Txwv lub zog hluav taws xob siab hauv cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev, txo cov kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob (EMI), thiab muab txoj hauv kev rau qhov hluav taws xob txhaum;
Lub plhaub hlau: Ua kom lub zog kho tshuab zoo dua (tensile thiab crush resistance) thiab ua haujlwm ua "grounding shield," txo qhov muaj zog ntawm lub tshav pob rwb thaiv tsev.
(4) Lub Tsho Sab Nraud: Rugged dua rau High-Voltage Cables
Cov tsho tiv thaiv hluav taws xob qis feem ntau tiv thaiv kev hnav thiab xeb;
Cov tsho tiv thaiv hluav taws xob siab yuav tsum tiv taus roj, txias, ozone, thiab lwm yam (piv txwv li, PVC + cov khoom siv tiv taus huab cua). Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, cov cables hauv qab dej) kuj tseem yuav xav tau cov hlau hlau armoring (tiv taus dej siab thiab tensile stress).
2. 3 Qhov "Kev Pitfalls" Tseem Ceeb Uas Yuav Tsum Zam Thaum Xaiv Cov Cables
Tom qab koj nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv, koj yuav tsum zam cov "ntxiab zais" no thaum xaiv; txwv tsis pub, cov nqi yuav nce ntxiv, lossis tej xwm txheej kev nyab xeeb yuav tshwm sim.
(1) Nrhiav "Qib Siab Dua" lossis "Tus Nqi Pheej Yig Dua" Tsis Paub Qhov Twg
Kev nkag siab yuam kev: Ib txhia xav tias "siv cov xov hluav taws xob siab es tsis siv cov xov hluav taws xob qis muaj kev nyab xeeb dua," lossis lawv siv cov xov hluav taws xob qis los txuag nyiaj.
Kev Pheej Hmoo: Cov xov hluav taws xob siab kim dua; kev xaiv cov xov hluav taws xob siab tsis tsim nyog ua rau cov peev nyiaj ntau dua. Kev siv cov xov hluav taws xob qis hauv cov xwm txheej hluav taws xob siab tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev puas tsuaj tam sim ntawd, ua rau luv luv, hluav taws kub, lossis ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj kev phom sij.
Txoj Kev Ua Kom Yog: Xaiv raws li qib hluav taws xob tiag tiag thiab qhov xav tau hluav taws xob, piv txwv li, hluav taws xob hauv tsev (220V/380V) siv cov xov hluav taws xob qis, cov cav hluav taws xob siab (10 kV) yuav tsum phim cov xov hluav taws xob siab - tsis txhob "qis dua" lossis "txhim kho" yam tsis paub.
(2) Tsis quav ntsej txog "Kev puas tsuaj zais" los ntawm ib puag ncig
Kev nkag siab yuam kev: Tsuas yog xav txog qhov hluav taws xob xwb, tsis quav ntsej txog ib puag ncig, piv txwv li, siv cov xov hlau ib txwm nyob rau hauv qhov av noo, kub heev, lossis cov xwm txheej tshuaj lom neeg.
Kev Pheej Hmoo: Cov xov hluav taws xob siab hauv cov chaw noo noo nrog cov ntaub thaiv lossis cov tsho puas tsuaj tuaj yeem ntsib kev laus ntawm cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev; cov xov hluav taws xob qis hauv cov chaw kub siab (piv txwv li, chav boiler) tuaj yeem mos thiab ua tsis tiav.
Txoj Kev Ua Kom Yog: Qhia meej txog cov xwm txheej ntawm kev teeb tsa - cov xov hlau armored rau kev teeb tsa faus, cov xov hlau armored tsis muaj dej rau hauv qab dej, cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas kub siab (XLPE ≥90 ℃) rau qhov chaw kub, cov tsho tiv thaiv corrosion hauv cov nroj tsuag tshuaj.
(3) Tsis quav ntsej txog qhov sib phim ntawm "Ceev Tam Sim No thiab Txoj Kev Tso"
Kev nkag siab yuam kev: Tsuas yog tsom mus rau qib voltage xwb, tsis quav ntsej txog lub peev xwm tam sim no ntawm cable (qhov siab tshaj plaws uas tso cai) lossis nias / khoov dhau thaum tso.
Kev Pheej Hmoo: Qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tam sim no txaus ua rau kub dhau thiab ua rau cov rwb thaiv tsev laus sai dua; qhov khoov tsis raug ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob siab (piv txwv li, rub nyuaj, khoov ntau dhau) tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj rau kev tiv thaiv thiab rwb thaiv tsev, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo tawg.
Txoj Kev Ua Kom Yog: Xaiv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cable raws li qhov tam sim no tiag tiag uas tau xam (xav txog qhov tam sim no pib, qhov kub thiab txias); ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm lub vojvoog khoov thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa (lub vojvoog khoov ntawm cov cable hluav taws xob siab feem ntau ≥15 × txoj kab uas hla sab nraud ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib), tsis txhob raug nias thiab raug tshav ntuj.
3. Nco ntsoov 3 "Cov Cai Kub" kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem xaiv
(1) Tshawb xyuas cov qauv tawm tsam qhov hluav taws xob:
Cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob siab thiab cov txheej tiv thaiv yog cov hauv paus; cov xov hluav taws xob qis tsis tas yuav tsim ntau dhau.
(2) Sib phim cov qib kom haum:
Qhov hluav taws xob, lub zog, thiab ib puag ncig yuav tsum sib xws; tsis txhob hloov kho lossis txo qis yam tsis paub.
(3) Txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus raws li cov qauv:
Lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no, lub vojvoog khoov, thiab qib kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv hauv tebchaws - tsis txhob cia siab rau kev paub dhau los xwb.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-29-2025