Raws li lub neej niaj hnub tsim, kev tes hauj lwm tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej niaj hnub, thiab kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj yog nyob ntawm cov cables (feem ntau hu ua Ethernet cables). Raws li lub mobile niaj hnub industrial complex nyob rau hauv hiav txwv, marine thiab offshore engineering yog ua nce automated thiab ntse. Ib puag ncig yog qhov nyuaj dua, muab qhov xav tau ntau dua ntawm cov qauv ntawm Ethernet cables thiab cov khoom siv cable siv. Niaj hnub no, peb yuav qhia luv luv txog cov yam ntxwv, kev faib tawm, thiab cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm marine Ethernet cables.
1.Cable Classification
(1).Raws li kev sib kis tau zoo
Cov Ethernet cables peb nquag siv feem ntau yog ua nrog tooj liab conductor twisted khub qauv, muaj ib los yog ntau-stranded tooj liab conductors, PE los yog PO rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv, twisted nyob rau hauv khub, thiab ces plaub khub ua rau ib tug tiav cable. Raws li kev ua tau zoo, cov qib sib txawv ntawm cov cables tuaj yeem xaiv tau:
Qeb 5E (CAT5E): Cov ntaub qhwv sab nrauv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm PVC lossis tsis tshua muaj pa taws halogen-dawb polyolefin, nrog rau kev sib kis ntawm 100MHz thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 1000Mbps. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv tsev thiab chaw ua hauj lwm network.
Qeb 6 (CAT6): Siv cov khoom siv tooj liab siab dua thiabHigh-density polyethylene (HDPE)Cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev, nrog cov qauv sib cais, nce bandwidth mus rau 250MHz rau kev sib kis tau zoo dua.
Qeb 6A (CAT6A): Ntau zaus nce mus rau 500MHz, tus nqi sib kis mus txog 10Gbps, feem ntau yog siv cov ntawv ci txhuas Mylar daim kab xev ua cov ntaub thaiv npog, thiab ua ke nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis muaj pa taws halogen tsis pub siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw.
Qeb 7 / 7A (CAT7 / CAT7A): Siv 0.57mm oxygen-free copper conductor, txhua khub shielded nrogAluminium ntawv nyiaj Mylar daim kab xev+ zuag qhia tag nrho tinned tooj liab hlau braid, txhim khu lub teeb liab kev ncaj ncees thiab txhawb 10Gbps high-speed kis tau tus mob.
Qeb 8 (CAT8): Cov qauv yog SFTP nrog ob txheej thaiv thaiv (txheej txhuas ntawv nyiaj Mylar daim kab xev rau txhua khub + zuag qhia tag nrho), thiab sheath feem ntau yog cov nplaim hluav taws kub-retardant XLPO sheath khoom, txhawb txog li 2000MHz thiab 40Gbps ceev, haum rau cov khoom siv sib txuas hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw.
(2). Raws li Shielding Structure
Raws li seb puas siv cov ntaub thaiv npog hauv cov qauv, Ethernet cables tuaj yeem muab faib ua:
UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair): Siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob PO lossis HDPE nkaus xwb uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv, tus nqi qis, tsim nyog rau ib puag ncig uas muaj kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob tsawg.
STP (Shielded Twisted Pair): Siv aluminium foil Mylar daim kab xev lossis tooj liab hlau braid ua cov khoom siv tiv thaiv, txhim kho kev cuam tshuam tsis kam, tsim nyog rau qhov chaw electromagnetic complex.
Marine Ethernet cables feem ntau ntsib muaj zog electromagnetic cuam tshuam, yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau dua. Common configurations muaj xws li:
F / UTP: Siv aluminium ntawv nyiaj Mylar daim kab xev raws li tag nrho cov ntaub thaiv npog txheej, haum rau CAT5E thiab CAT6, feem ntau siv hauv onboard tswj systems.
SF / UTP: Aluminium ntawv nyiaj Mylar daim kab xev + liab qab tooj liab braid shielding, txhim kho tag nrho EMI tsis kam, feem ntau siv rau marine zog thiab teeb liab kis tau tus mob.
S / FTP: Txhua khub twisted siv txhuas ntawv nyiaj Mylar daim kab xev rau ib tug neeg shielding, nrog ib txheej txheej ntawm tooj liab hlau braid rau tag nrho cov shielding, ua ke nrog cov nplaim taws-retardant XLPO sheath khoom. Qhov no yog ib qho qauv rau CAT6A thiab saum toj no cables.
2. Qhov txawv ntawm Marine Ethernet Cables
Piv rau av-raws li Ethernet cables, marine Ethernet cables muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom xaiv thiab cov qauv tsim. Vim qhov hnyav marine ib puag ncig - siab ntsev pos huab, siab av noo, muaj zog electromagnetic cuam tshuam, khaus UV hluav taws xob, thiab flammability - cable cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau raws li cov qauv siab dua rau kev nyab xeeb, durability, thiab txhua yam kev ua tau zoo.
(1).Standard Requirements
Marine Ethernet cables feem ntau yog tsim raws li IEC 61156-5 thiab IEC 61156-6. Kab rov tav cabling feem ntau siv cov khoom siv tooj liab ua ke nrog HDPE cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev kom ua tiav qhov kev sib kis tau zoo dua thiab ruaj khov; patch cords nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chav siv stranded tooj liab conductors nrog softer PO los yog PE rwb thaiv tsev kom yooj yim routing nyob rau hauv nruj qhov chaw.
(2). nplaim Retardancy thiab hluav taws kub tsis kam
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm hluav taws, marine Ethernet cables feem ntau siv cov pa taws uas tsis muaj pa taws halogen-dawb nplaim hluav taws-retardant polyolefin cov ntaub ntawv (xws li LSZH, XLPO, thiab lwm yam) rau sheathing, ntsib IEC 60332 nplaim hluav taws kub nyhiab, IEC 60754 (halogen-free), thiab IEC 61034 (tsis muaj pa taws). Rau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, mica daim kab xev thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob raug muab ntxiv kom ua tau raws li IEC 60331 cov qauv hluav taws kub-tiv taus, kom ntseeg tau tias kev sib txuas lus tau tswj xyuas thaum muaj hluav taws kub.
(3). Roj Resistance, Corrosion Resistance, thiab Armoring Structure
Hauv cov chav nyob sab nraud xws li FPSOs thiab dredgers, Ethernet cables feem ntau raug rau cov roj thiab cov xov xwm corrosive. Txhawm rau txhim kho sheath durability, cross-linked polyolefin sheath cov ntaub ntawv (SHF2) los yog av nkos-resistant SHF2 MUD cov ntaub ntawv raug siv, ua raws li NEK 606 chemical resistance standard. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom siv dag zog ntxiv, cov kab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hnav nrog galvanized steel hlau braid (GSWB) lossis tinned tooj liab hlau braid (TCWB), muab compression thiab tensile lub zog, nrog rau electromagnetic shielding los tiv thaiv teeb liab kev ncaj ncees.
(4). UV Resistance thiab Aging Performance
Marine Ethernet cables feem ntau raug tshav ntuj ncaj qha, yog li cov ntaub ntawv sheath yuav tsum muaj UV tiv thaiv zoo. Feem ntau, polyolefin sheathing nrog carbon dub los yog UV-resistant additives yog siv thiab kuaj raws li UL1581 los yog ASTM G154-16 UV aging qauv los xyuas kom meej lub cev stability thiab ncua kev pab cuam lub neej nyob rau hauv high UV ib puag ncig.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, txhua txheej ntawm marine Ethernet cable tsim yog ze ze rau kev ceev faj xaiv cov ntaub ntawv cable. Cov khoom siv tooj liab zoo, HDPE lossis PO cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev, aluminium foil Mylar daim kab xev, tooj liab xaim braid, mica daim kab xev, XLPO sheath khoom, thiab SHF2 sheath cov ntaub ntawv ua ke ua ib qho kev sib txuas lus cable muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov hnyav marine ib puag ncig. Raws li cov khoom siv cable, peb nkag siab txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov cable thiab tau cog lus los muab cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha, nyab xeeb, thiab ua haujlwm zoo rau kev lag luam marine thiab offshore.
Post lub sij hawm: Jun-16-2025