Hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub no, high-voltage cables ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob hauv av hauv nroog mus rau cov kab sib kis mus ntev hla roob thiab cov dej ntws, cov kab hluav taws xob siab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, ruaj khov thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev xa hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Kab lus no yuav tshawb txog qhov tob ntawm ntau yam thev naus laus zis ntsig txog cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, nrog rau lawv cov qauv, kev faib tawm, kev tsim khoom, kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev teeb tsa thiab kev saib xyuas.
1.Basic qauv ntawm high-voltage cables
High-voltage cables yog tsim los ntawm cov conductors, rwb thaiv tsev txheej, shielding txheej thiab tiv thaiv txheej.
Tus neeg xyuas pib yog qhov kis tau tus mob rau tam sim no thiab feem ntau yog ua los ntawm tooj liab lossis txhuas. Tooj liab muaj qhov zoo conductivity thiab ductility, thaum txhuas yog tus nqi qis thiab lub teeb hauv qhov hnyav. Cov conductors no feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm multi-strand twisted xov hlau los ua kom yooj.
Lub rwb thaiv tsev txheej yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm high-voltage cable, uas plays lub luag hauj lwm los tiv thaiv tam sim no to thiab cais tus neeg xyuas pib los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud. Cov ntaub ntawv insulating muaj xws li cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), roj ntawv, thiab lwm yam. XLPE muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev, tiv thaiv tshav kub thiab lub zog txhua yam, thiab yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no.
Lub shielding txheej yog muab faib ua inner shielding thiab sab nrauv shielding. Cov ntaub thaiv sab hauv yog siv los ua kom lub zog hluav taws xob tsis sib xws thiab tiv thaiv kev tawm hauv zos los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau txheej rwb thaiv tsev; cov ntaub thaiv npog sab nrauv tuaj yeem txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm sab nraud electromagnetic teb ntawm lub cable, thiab tseem tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob cuam tshuam rau lub ntiaj teb sab nraud.
Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov kab hluav taws xob los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm lwm yam xws li kev puas tsuaj, tshuaj lom neeg corrosion thiab dej nkag. Nws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau armor thiab sab nrauv sheath. Cov hlau armor tuaj yeem muab cov khoom siv dag zog, thiab cov ntaub qhwv sab nrauv muaj cov dej tsis zoo thiab tiv thaiv corrosion.
2. Kev faib tawm ntawm high-voltage cables
Raws li qib voltage, high-voltage cables yuav muab faib ua nruab nrab-voltage cables (feem ntau 3-35kV), high-voltage cables (35-110kV), ultra-high-voltage cables (110-500kV) thiab ultra-high. - voltage cables (tshaj 500kV). Cov kab hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv tsim, cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev, thiab lwm yam.
Los ntawm kev xav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv insulating, ntxiv rau XLPE cables thiab roj-daim ntawv cables tau hais los saum no, kuj tseem muaj ethylene-propylene roj hmab cables. Roj-paper cables muaj keeb kwm ntev, tab sis vim lawv cov nqi tu thiab lwm yam laj thawj, lawv tau maj mam hloov los ntawm XLPE cables. Ethylene propylene roj hmab cable muaj qhov yooj yim thiab huab cua tsis kam, thiab haum rau qee lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb.
3. Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm high-voltage cable
Kev tsim cov high-voltage cable yog ib txoj kev nyuaj thiab muag heev.
Kev tsim cov neeg xyuas pib ua ntej yuav tsum tau cov khoom siv tooj liab lossis aluminium raw khoom yuav tsum tau ncab, twisted thiab lwm yam txheej txheem los xyuas kom meej qhov tseeb qhov tseeb thiab txhua yam khoom ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Thaum lub sij hawm twisting txheej txheem, cov strands ntawm cov strands yuav tsum tau teem kom ze rau kev txhim kho cov conductivity ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib.
Lub extrusion ntawm rwb thaiv tsev txheej yog ib qho ntawm cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb. Rau XLPE rwb thaiv tsev txheej, cov khoom XLPE yog extruded ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab sib npaug qhwv ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Thaum lub sij hawm extrusion txheej txheem, tsis xws li kub, siab thiab extrusion ceev yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis tswj kom zoo thiab thickness uniformity ntawm rwb thaiv tsev txheej.
Lub shielding txheej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau hlau weaving los yog hlau daim kab xev wrapping. Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog sab hauv thiab sab nrauv yog qhov sib txawv me ntsis, tab sis ob qho tib si yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo.
Thaum kawg, kev tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv suav nrog kev tso cov hlau armor thiab extrusion ntawm cov txheej txheem. Cov hlau armor yuav tsum haum nruj rau ntawm lub cable, thiab extrusion ntawm lub sheath txheej yuav tsum xyuas kom meej ib tug du tsos yam tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li npuas thiab tawg.
4. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob siab
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws xob, high-voltage cables yuav tsum muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev siab, tsis tshua muaj dielectric poob thiab zoo voltage kuj. Kev rwb thaiv tsev siab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ntws tawm tam sim no, tsis tshua muaj dielectric poob txo qhov poob ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thaum sib kis, thiab qhov hluav taws xob zoo tiv thaiv kom ntseeg tau tias lub cable tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig high-voltage.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm txhua yam khoom, lub cable yuav tsum muaj txaus tensile zog, dabtsi yog khoov vojvoog thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam. Thaum lub sij hawm installation thiab ua hauj lwm, lub cable tej zaum yuav raug stretching, dabtsi yog khoov thiab sab nraud quab yuam. Yog tias cov khoom siv kho tshuab tsis txaus, nws yooj yim ua rau cable puas.
Thermal kev ua tau zoo kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Lub cable yuav tsim kom muaj cua sov thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum khiav hauv siab load. Yog li ntawd, lub cable yuav tsum muaj cov cua kub zoo thiab muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm ib txwm nyob rau hauv tej yam kub thiab txias yam tsis muaj teeb meem xws li rwb thaiv tsev laus. XLPE cable muaj qhov ua tau zoo thaum tshav kub kub thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau ntev ntawm qhov kub siab dua.
5. Kev txhim kho thiab kho cov kab hluav taws xob siab
Hais txog kev teeb tsa, thawj qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua yog npaj txoj hauv kev los xyuas kom meej tias txoj kev teeb tsa cable yog tsim nyog thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb. Thaum lub sij hawm nteg txheej txheem, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj ntau stretching, khoov thiab extrusion ntawm lub cable. Rau qhov ntev-ntev cable tso, khoom siv xws li cable conveyors feem ntau yog siv los pab kev tsim kho.
Kev tsim cov kab sib txuas yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem installation. Qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev khiav hauj lwm kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub cable. Thaum ua cov pob qij txha, lub cable yuav tsum tau stripped, ntxuav, txuas thiab insulated. Txhua kauj ruam yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis raws li cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv sib txuas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Kev saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm high-voltage cables. Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas tam sim seb lub cable zoo li puas lossis lub plhaub puas lawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qee cov khoom siv kuaj kuj tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev thiab ib feem ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob. Yog tias pom muaj teeb meem, lawv yuav tsum tau kho lossis hloov lub sijhawm.
6. Ua tsis tiav thiab nrhiav kom pom cov kab hluav taws xob siab
Feem ntau tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm high-voltage cables muaj xws li rwb thaiv tsev tawg, conductor disconnection, thiab kev sib koom tsis ua hauj lwm. Rwb thaiv tsev puas yuav tshwm sim los ntawm rwb thaiv tsev laus, ib feem tawm, los yog sab nraud overvoltage. Conductor disconnection feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab sab nraud quab yuam los yog lub sij hawm ntev overload. Kev sib koom ua tsis tiav yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom tsis zoo los yog cua sov thaum ua haujlwm.
Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kev ua txhaum no, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev tshawb nrhiav. Kev kuaj pom qhov paug tawm ib nrab yog ib txoj kev siv ntau. Los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas lub teeb liab tsim los ntawm ib feem ntawm qhov tso tawm hauv lub cable, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb puas muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev hauv lub cable. Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm tiv taus hluav taws xob ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob thiab pom cov teeb meem cuam tshuam txog hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, infrared thermal imaging thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob, kom paub seb lub cable puas muaj teeb meem xws li cov cua sov hauv zos.
7.Application thiab kev loj hlob qauv ntawm high-voltage cables nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim systems
Hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob, cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob tau siv dav hauv kev hloov hluav taws xob hauv nroog, cov kab tawm ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb loj, kev xa hluav taws xob submarine thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob hauv nroog, vim qhov chaw tsawg, kev siv cov kab hluav taws xob hauv av tuaj yeem txuag tau qhov chaw thiab txhim kho kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub nroog. Cov kab hluav taws xob tawm ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb loj yuav tsum siv cov kab hluav taws xob siab kom xa hluav taws xob mus rau cov chaw nyob deb. Submarine cable kis tau tus mob tuaj yeem paub txog kev xa hluav taws xob hla hiav txwv thiab muab lub zog ruaj khov rau cov Islands tuaj thiab thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob kuj tau qhia qee qhov kev txhim kho. Ib qho yog kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev siv cov kab hluav taws xob uas muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua. Nrog rau qhov nce hauv kev thov rau kev xa hluav taws xob mus ntev, kev txhim kho ntawm ultra-high voltage cables yuav ua kom pom tseeb. Qhov thib ob yog kev txawj ntse ntawm cables. Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke cov sensors thiab lwm yam khoom siv rau hauv lub cable, kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cable thiab kev ceeb toom txhaum cai tuaj yeem ua tiav, yog li kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cable. Qhov thib peb yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg cables. Raws li tib neeg cov kev xav tau rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig nce, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov pa phem tsawg, cov ntaub ntawv siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab yuav yog ib qho kev txhim kho yav tom ntej.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-24-2024