Cov ntaub thaiv npog siv hauv cov khoom siv hlau thiab cable muaj ob lub ntsiab lus sib txawv: electromagnetic shielding thiab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv. Electromagnetic shielding yog tsim los tiv thaiv cov cables xa cov teeb liab ntau zaus (xws li RF cables thiab hluav taws xob cables) los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud los yog thaiv cov hluav taws xob sab nraud los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov cables uas xa cov hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog (xws li cov teeb liab lossis ntsuas cov kab hluav taws xob), nrog rau txo kev sib tham ntawm cov xov hlau. Hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog tsim los sib npaug ntawm cov hluav taws xob muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los yog cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm nruab nrab- thiab high-voltage fais fab cables.
1. Cov qauv thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm Cov Hluav Taws Xob Field Shielding Txheej
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hluav taws xob cables suav nrog cov neeg xyuas pib shielding, insulation shielding, thiab metallic shielding. Raws li cov qauv tsim nyog, cov cables uas muaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau dua 0.6 / 1kV yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem hlau thaiv, uas tuaj yeem siv rau txhua tus tub ntxhais insulated lossis rau ntau cov tub ntxhais hlua khi hlua khi. Rau XLPE-insulated cables nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis tsawg dua 3.6 / 6kV thiab EPR nyias-insulated cables nrog cov ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis tsawg dua 3.6 / 6kV (lossis tuab-insulated cables nrog cov ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis tsawg dua 6 / 10kV), sab hauv thiab sab nraud cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ib puag ncig kuj tseem yuav tsum tau.
(1) Tus neeg xyuas pib tiv thaiv thiab rwb thaiv tsev thaiv
Conductor shielding (sab hauv semi-conductive shielding) yuav tsum tsis yog-hlau, muaj cov khoom siv extruded semi-conductive los yog ib daim kab xev semi-conductive qhwv ib ncig ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib ua raws li cov txheej txheem extruded semi-conductive.
Rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv (sab nraud semi-conductive shielding) yog ib qho uas tsis yog-hlau semi-conductive txheej extruded ncaj qha mus rau sab nrauv ntawm txhua qhov insulated core, uas tuaj yeem raug kaw nruj nreem los yog tev tawm ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Lub extruded sab hauv thiab sab nrauv semi-conductive txheej yuav tsum tau nruj nreem khi rau lub rwb thaiv tsev, nrog cov kev sib tshuam du, tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb strands, thiab tsis muaj cov npoo ntse, hais, scorch marks, lossis khawb. Lub resistivity ua ntej thiab tom qab kev laus yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 1000 Ω·m rau cov neeg xyuas pib shielding txheej thiab 500 Ω·m rau lub rwb thaiv tsev shielding txheej.
Cov ntaub thaiv npog sab hauv thiab sab nrauv yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev (xws li cross-linked polyethylene, ethylene-propylene roj hmab, thiab lwm yam) nrog carbon dub, antioxidants, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, thiab lwm yam additives. Cov pa roj carbon dub yuav tsum tau sib cais nyob rau hauv lub polymer, tsis muaj agglomeration los yog tsis zoo dispersion.
Lub thickness ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nrauv semi-conductive shielding txheej nce nrog rau theem voltage. Vim tias lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev yog siab dua sab hauv thiab sab nraud, lub thickness ntawm semi-conductive shielding txheej yuav tsum muaj ntau dua sab hauv. Yav dhau los, sab nrauv semi-conductive shielding tau ua me ntsis thicker dua sab hauv los tiv thaiv khawb vim tsis zoo sag tswj los yog punctures los ntawm overly nyuaj tooj liab tapes. Tam sim no, nrog kev saib xyuas hauv online tsis siv neeg sag thiab annealed mos tooj liab tapes, sab hauv semi-conductive shielding txheej yuav tsum tau ua me ntsis thicker los yog sib npaug rau txheej txheej. Rau 6-10-35 kV cables, txheej txheej thickness feem ntau yog 0.5-0.6-0.8 hli.
(2) Hlau thaiv
Cov kab hluav taws xob uas muaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau dua 0.6 / 1kV yuav tsum muaj txheej txheej hlau thaiv. Cov txheej txheem hlau thaiv yuav tsum tau siv rau txhua qhov insulated core lossis cable core. Hlau thaiv yuav tsum muaj ib los yog ntau dua hlau tapes, hlau braids, concentric khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm hlau nyob ntawm tej, los yog ib tug ua ke ntawm hlau xov hlau thiab hlau tapes.
Nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab lwm lub teb chaws tsim, vim yog siv cov kev tiv thaiv-grounded ob-circuit systems nrog luv luv-circuit tam sim no, feem ntau siv tooj liab hlau shielding. Qee cov tuam txhab tsim cov xov tooj tooj liab rau hauv qhov sib cais los yog cov ntaub qhwv sab nrauv kom txo tau txoj kab uas hla. Nyob rau hauv Suav teb, tshwj tsis yog rau qee qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb uas siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv ob lub voj voog, feem ntau cov tshuab siv arc-suppression coil-grounded ib-circuit fais fab mov, uas txwv luv luv-circuit tam sim no kom tsawg, yog li tooj liab daim kab xev shielding yuav siv tau. Cable factories txheej txheem muas tawv tooj liab tapes los ntawm slitting thiab annealing kom tiav ib tug tej yam elongation thiab tensile lub zog (nyuaj heev yuav khawb lub rwb thaiv tsev shielding txheej, heev mos yuav wrinkle) ua ntej siv. Mos tooj liab tapes yuav tsum ua raws li GB / T11091-2005 Copper Daim kab xev rau Cables.
Copper daim kab xev shielding yuav tsum muaj ib txheej ntawm overlapped mos tooj liab daim kab xev los yog ob txheej ntawm helically qhwv mos tooj liab daim kab xev nrog qhov khoob. Qhov nruab nrab sib tshooj ntawm daim kab xev tooj liab yuav tsum yog 15% ntawm nws qhov dav (tus nqi nominal), thiab qhov sib tshooj tsawg kawg yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 5%. Lub nominal thickness ntawm tooj liab daim kab xev yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 0.12 hli rau ib leeg-core cables thiab yam tsawg kawg nkaus 0.10 hli rau multi-core cables. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thickness ntawm daim kab xev tooj liab yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 90% ntawm tus nqi nominal. Nyob ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev thaiv (≤25 hli lossis> 25 hli), qhov dav ntawm tooj liab feem ntau yog 30-35 hli.
Copper hlau shielding yog ua los ntawm helically mob mos tooj liab xov hlau, ruaj nrog ib tug counter-helical wrapping ntawm tooj liab xov hlau los yog tooj liab tapes. Nws kuj yuav tsum tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm GB / T3956-2008 Tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm Cables, thiab nws cov nominal cross-sectional cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau txiav txim raws li qhov txhaum tam sim no muaj peev xwm. Copper wire shielding tuaj yeem siv rau sab hauv sheath ntawm peb-core cables los yog ncaj qha hla lub rwb thaiv tsev, txheej txheej semi-conductive shielding, los yog ib qho tsim nyog sab hauv sheath ntawm ib leeg-core cables. Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xov tooj tooj uas nyob ib sab yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 4 hli. Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv G yog suav nrog cov qauv:
qhov twg:
D - txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov tub ntxhais cable nyob rau hauv lub tooj liab hlau shielding, nyob rau hauv mm;
d - txoj kab uas hla ntawm tooj liab, hauv mm;
n - tooj liab hlau.
2. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev thaiv cov txheej txheem thiab lawv cov kev sib raug zoo rau cov qib voltage
(1) Lub luag haujlwm ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud Semi-Conductive Shielding
Cable conductors feem ntau yog compacted los ntawm ntau yam stranded nyob ntawm tej. Thaum lub sij hawm rwb thaiv tsev extrusion, qhov khoob, burrs, thiab lwm yam deg irregularities tej zaum yuav tshwm sim ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib nto thiab rwb thaiv tsev txheej, ua rau hluav taws xob teb concentration, ua rau lub zos huab cua sib txawv thiab treeing tawm, thiab txo dielectric kev ua tau zoo. Los ntawm extruding ib txheej ntawm semi-conductive khoom (conductor shielding) tshaj tus neeg xyuas pib nto, nws ua kom nruj kev sib cuag nrog rwb thaiv tsev. Vim hais tias cov txheej txheem semi-conductive thiab tus neeg xyuas pib nyob rau tib lub peev xwm, txawm tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv, yuav tsis muaj hluav taws xob ua haujlwm, yog li tiv thaiv kev tawm ntawm ib nrab.
Ib yam li ntawd, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev sab nrauv thiab cov hlau nplaum (los yog hlau thaiv), thiab qhov siab dua qhov hluav taws xob, qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua yuav tshwm sim. Los ntawm extruding ib tug semi-conductive txheej (cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv) ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev sab nrauv, txheej txheej equipotential yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum, tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob hauv qhov khoob thiab tiv thaiv ib nrab tawm.
(2) Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Hlau
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv hlau muaj xws li: nqa lub peev xwm tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj, ua txoj hauv kev rau luv-circuit tam sim no thaum muaj teeb meem; confining lub teb hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub rwb thaiv tsev (txo sab nraud electromagnetic cuam tshuam) thiab kom ntseeg tau ib tug uniform radial hluav taws xob teb; ua raws li cov kab nruab nrab nyob rau hauv peb-theem plaub-xaim tshuab nqa cov khoom tsis sib xws; thiab muab kev tiv thaiv dej radial.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-28-2025