Cov khoom siv ntawm cov hlau thiab cov khoom siv cable feem ntau muab faib ua plaub qhov tseem ceeb:cov neeg tsav tsheb, cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev, cov txheej tiv thaiv thiab cov txheej tiv thaiv, nrog rau cov khoom sau thiab cov khoom tensile. Raws li cov kev xav tau siv thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov, qee cov qauv khoom yooj yim heev, tsuas muaj cov neeg coj ua cov khoom siv, xws li cov xov hlau hla dhau, cov xov hlau sib cuag, cov tooj liab-txhuas busbars (busbars), thiab lwm yam. Kev rwb thaiv hluav taws xob sab nraud ntawm cov khoom no vam khom cov insulators thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab qhov deb ntawm qhov chaw (piv txwv li, cua rwb thaiv tsev) kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb.
1. Cov Neeg Coj
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsis tau uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob lossis cov ntaub ntawv nthwv dej electromagnetic hauv ib yam khoom. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, feem ntau hu ua cov hlau hluav taws xob conductive cores, yog ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis yog hlau uas muaj hluav taws xob siab xws li tooj liab, txhuas, thiab lwm yam. Cov xov hluav taws xob fiber optic siv hauv cov tes hauj lwm sib txuas lus optical uas hloov pauv sai sai hauv peb caug xyoo dhau los siv cov fibers optical ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
2. Cov Txheej Txheem Rwb Thaiv Tsev
Cov khoom no qhwv cov hlau lead, muab kev rwb thaiv hluav taws xob. Lawv ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov hluav taws xob tam sim no lossis cov nthwv dej electromagnetic/optical uas xa mus tsuas yog mus raws tus hlau lead thiab tsis mus rau sab nraud. Cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev tswj lub zog (piv txwv li, voltage) ntawm tus hlau lead los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau cov khoom nyob ib puag ncig thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias ob qho tib si kev ua haujlwm xa mus ib txwm ntawm tus hlau lead thiab kev nyab xeeb sab nraud rau cov khoom thiab tib neeg.
Cov conductors thiab cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev yog ob qho tseem ceeb uas tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv cable (tshwj tsis yog cov xov hlau liab qab).
3. Cov Txheej Txheem Tiv Thaiv
Thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv hlau thiab cable yuav tsum muaj cov khoom uas muab kev tiv thaiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev. Cov khoom no hu ua cov txheej tiv thaiv.
Vim tias cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum muaj cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev, lawv xav tau kev huv siab nrog cov khoom tsis huv tsawg kawg nkaus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv no feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv tib lub sijhawm los ntawm cov yam ntxwv sab nraud (piv txwv li, lub zog kho tshuab thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab siv, tiv taus cov huab cua, tshuaj lom neeg, roj, kev hem thawj ntawm cov kab mob, thiab kev phom sij ntawm hluav taws). Cov kev cai no raug tswj hwm los ntawm ntau cov qauv txheej tiv thaiv.
Rau cov cables tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov chaw sab nraud zoo (piv txwv li, huv si, qhuav, sab hauv tsev tsis muaj lub zog sab nraud), lossis thaum cov khoom siv txheej rwb thaiv tsev nws tus kheej qhia txog qee qhov muaj zog thiab tiv taus huab cua, tej zaum yuav tsis tas yuav muaj txheej tiv thaiv ua ib feem.
Nws yog ib qho khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv cable uas cais lub zog hluav taws xob hauv lub cable los ntawm cov zog hluav taws xob sab nraud. Txawm tias ntawm cov khub hlau sib txawv lossis pawg hauv cov khoom siv cable, kev sib cais yog qhov tsim nyog. Cov txheej tiv thaiv tuaj yeem piav qhia tias yog "kev tshuaj ntsuam hluav taws xob cais."
Tau ntau xyoo, kev lag luam tau suav tias txheej tiv thaiv yog ib feem ntawm cov qauv txheej tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau hais tias nws yuav tsum tau suav tias yog ib feem sib cais. Qhov no yog vim tias lub luag haujlwm ntawm txheej tiv thaiv tsis yog tsuas yog cais cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau hauv cov khoom cable, tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob xau lossis ua rau cuam tshuam rau cov cuab yeej sab nraud lossis lwm cov kab, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv cov nthwv dej electromagnetic sab nraud los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom cable los ntawm kev sib txuas electromagnetic. Cov kev cai no txawv ntawm cov haujlwm txheej tiv thaiv ib txwm muaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, txheej tiv thaiv tsis yog tsuas yog teeb tsa sab nraud hauv cov khoom tab sis kuj muab tso rau ntawm txhua khub xov hlau lossis ntau khub hauv ib txoj hlua. Nyob rau kaum xyoo dhau los, vim muaj kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov txheej txheem xa cov ntaub ntawv siv cov xov hlau thiab cov cables, nrog rau ntau qhov chaw cuam tshuam electromagnetic nthwv dej hauv huab cua, ntau yam ntawm cov qauv tiv thaiv tau nce ntxiv. Kev nkag siab tias txheej tiv thaiv yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom cable tau txais kev lees paub dav.
5. Cov Qauv Sau
Ntau cov khoom siv hlau thiab cable yog ntau lub cores, xws li feem ntau cov xov hluav taws xob qis-voltage yog plaub-core lossis tsib-core cables (haum rau peb-theem systems), thiab cov xov tooj hauv nroog xws li 800 khub txog 3600 khub. Tom qab muab cov cores insulated lossis cov khub hlau no ua ke rau hauv ib lub cable (lossis ntau zaus grouping), cov duab tsis sib xws thiab cov qhov sib txawv loj muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov cores insulated lossis cov khub hlau. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj cov qauv sau thaum lub sijhawm sib dhos cable. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov qauv no yog kom tswj tau qhov sib npaug ntawm sab nraud hauv coiling, pab txhawb kev qhwv thiab sheath extrusion. Ntxiv mus, nws ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cable thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov qauv sab hauv, faib cov zog sib npaug thaum siv (ncab, nias, thiab khoov thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom thiab tso) kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv sab hauv ntawm cable.
Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias cov qauv sau yog ib qho kev pab, nws yog qhov tsim nyog. Muaj cov cai qhia ntxaws txog kev xaiv cov khoom siv thiab kev tsim qauv ntawm cov qauv no.
Cov khoom siv hlau thiab cable ib txwm muaj feem ntau vam khom cov txheej tiv thaiv ntawm cov txheej tiv thaiv kom tiv taus cov zog tensile sab nraud lossis qhov nro uas tshwm sim los ntawm lawv tus kheej qhov hnyav. Cov qauv ib txwm muaj xws li cov hlau nplaum armoring thiab cov hlau nplaum armoring (xws li siv 8 hli tuab hlau xaim, ntswj rau hauv ib txheej armored, rau cov cables submarine). Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov cables fiber optical, los tiv thaiv cov fiber los ntawm cov zog tensile me me, zam kev hloov pauv me ntsis uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm kis, thawj thiab theem nrab txheej thiab cov khoom siv tensile tshwj xeeb tau koom ua ke rau hauv cov qauv cable. Piv txwv li, hauv cov xov tooj ntawm tes headset cables, ib txoj hlau tooj liab zoo lossis daim kab xev tooj liab nyias nyias qhwv ib puag ncig cov fiber hluavtaws yog extruded nrog ib txheej insulating, qhov twg cov fiber hluavtaws ua haujlwm ua ib qho khoom tensile. Zuag qhia tag nrho, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, hauv kev tsim cov khoom me me thiab yooj ywm tshwj xeeb uas xav tau ntau yam khoov thiab ntswj, cov ntsiab lus tensile ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-19-2023